This article presents a legal analysis of the Municipal Botanical Garden in Zabrze in light of the structural characteristics of a public institution as developed by administrative law doctrine. The aim of the research was to determine whether the aforementioned organizational unit of the Municipality of Zabrze fully meets the criteria for classification as a public institution. Unlike most Polish botanical gardens, this entity operates directly within the local authority’s structure and exercises its powers as an institution by enforcing the statutory rules governing access to its collections. Using a dogmatic-legal approach, the article analyzes statutory provisions and local law, drawing on scholarship in Polish administrative law. This article attempts to fill a research gap concerning the legal classification of local government nature conservation institutions.