The author discusses the development of the social insurance system for individual farmers. First, she analyses the Acts granting benefits to farmers: from 1962, 1968, and 1974. The accumulation of three normative Acts is not accidental. It is on their basis that, for many years, farmers – in order to receive a retirement benefit – had to give up their property rights, i.e. the ownership of a farm. It is worth noting that the main purpose of the above-mentioned Acts was not to provide social protection to rural residents, but to intensify structural changes in agriculture and to strengthen the socialized sector.