The study examines and presents veterinary and legal (including canonical) aspects of livestock in the benefice institutions. Selected features of the legal status of animals in the beneficiary property of the parish priest, in the land of the diocese of Tarnów (Poland) were examined and described. In the period 1918–1939 in Poland, the parish benefice was, both from the factual and legal point of view, an important component of the exercise of RC offices, with animals being one of the most important – though not unproblematic – elements of the living. It was revealed, that these problems provided a basis for adopting synodal resolutions at the local, national and common levels, which focused on the concept of proper agricultural and economic use of animals as the farm components.