The article discusses the matter of preventive COVID-19 vaccinations and safety regulations during COVID-19 pandemic considered as an important element to ensure the health security of vaccinated persons as well as the entire population. Vaccination coverage levels are essential for improving public health but the issue of mandatory vaccinations has been a controversial one for a long time. Protection of individual and collective interests requires proper balancing. Preventing an epidemic requires limiting the protection of individual interests. The article deals with the question of how the principle of proportionality should apply to the introduction of limitations of constitutional rights and freedoms. This principle has a significant impact on the establishment of the permissible and acceptable grounds for limitations of constitutional rights and freedoms.