Following the third partition of Poland, pursuant to the De salute animarum papal bull of 1821, the Poznań bishopric was raised to the rank of archbishopric and joined with the Gniezno metropolis in a personal union. Under the union, the Gniezno and Poznań Archdiocese was represented by one metropolitan seated in Poznań. The first archbishop of Gniezno and Poznań was Marcin Dunin. This paper attempts to assess the position of the archbishops of Gniezno and Poznań towards Polish nationality issues during the times of kulturkampf and Germanization. Though the views of individual archbishops on Prussia varied, they were unanimous on nationality issues. The archbishops primarily safeguarded the interests of the Church and its followers, as well as defended the right to national freedom.