
The article examines the issue of civil-law liability for damages resulting from violations of data protection laws established by the GDPR and national regulations concerning the protection of personal rights, with a particular focus on the Polish legal system. The identified differences and practical challenges related to the accumulation of claims between the above legal frameworks are analysed with references to the principles of EU law interpretation and case law. The article concludes with a summary that underscores the distinctions between private law regimes for the protection of personal data in Polish law, which, despite their differences, collectively form a complementary system aimed at holistic protection of broadly understood privacy.