The subject of this article is the psychological perspective of identity, the differentiation of the phenomenon and the diversity of theoretical and empirical approaches. The focus is on one of the most prestigious theoretical and empirical approaches – the Social
Identity Theory (SIT) by Henri Tajfel, its development by John Turner (SCT) and their regulatory consequences derived from the mechanisms of maintaining a positive self-esteem as a group member and the dynamics of the categorization processes of theSelf. These approaches became the starting point for the concept of US forms (group, categorical and attributional) proposed by Maria Jarymowicz, which are the content aspect of social identifications that make up the social identity of the subject. The last part presents the results of research confirming the validity of the distinction of US forms (group categorical and attributional) and their regulatory significance depending on the dominant or experimentally activated form in the areas of intergroup relations (favoritism), prosocial involvement and conspiratorial thinking.