The article constitutes an in-depth legal and comparative analysis of the duties and competences of the Minister of Education in Poland and Hungary in the field of religious instruction in public schools. The structure of the article is composed of several key sections: The authors emphasize the importance of cooperation between the state and religious associations in implementing religion-related educational functions. The discuss constitutional frameworks and international agreements, particularly the Concordat between the Holy See and the Republic of Poland, which define and limit the Minister’s authority in matters of religious instruction. The authors analyze statutory provisions governing the Minister’s responsibilities, including the legal requirement to act “in agreement” with churches and religious associations. Particular attention is given to practical applications of these legal norms and the differences between the Polish and Hungarian legal systems. De lege ferenda conclusions present the main findings of the comparative analysis and puts forward de lege ferenda recommendations for legislative reforms.
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