Challenges in the Process of Technology Transfer from Higher Education and Science to Business, with Particular Emphasis on the Need to Valorize Knowledge

Abstract

There is no doubt that science is the foundation of all developments. According to politicians, Polish research centers have great potential in terms of competent staff and advanced research infrastructure for creating new technologies that our entrepreneurs can turn into finished products. But is this really the case? What conditions in the technology transfer process do the European Union pay attention to? What should we do to ensure that both commercialization and valorization of knowledge are effective? Technology transfer is a complex process that involves many challenges, such as uncertainty, changes in the environment, associated costs, time constraints, effective communication, institutional and structural barriers, lack of understanding between engineers and lawyers, and, finally, legal, economic and cultural constraints. This article presents the legal, economic and cultural challenges associated with technology transfer, as well as ideas from the European Union to support this process and make it more effective.