The article analyzes the contents of criminal-executive legal relations, their objects, subjects (the personnel of bodies and institutions of execution of sentences and convicts), as well as their participants (prosecutors, judges, the public, etc.). Special attention at the same time focuses on the activities of religious organizations and their influence on subjects and participants in criminal-executive legal relations. In addition, identified problem points in this context and developed scientifically sound measures for their solution, as well as improvement of the legal mechanism on these issues.