The article focuses on the problem of representation of the Catholic Church legal entities in conducting legal actions. The authors present the canon law and state law acts regulating the organization of Catholic Church legal entities and different ways of their representation. The main purpose of the article is to explain the idea of reception of canon law to the civil law as a foundation for recognition of the principles of representation Church legal entities by state authorities. Consequently, the authors try to present the main directions of the Supreme Court decisions regarding the issue of representation of Church legal entities, especially the impact of improper representation on the validity of legal actions. Finally, there are numerous quotations of different scholars regarding the effectiveness of the internal Church legal actions in the civil law sphere. This serves the authors of the article to show the possible directions of law development to protect the market participants conducting legal activities with Catholic Church legal entities.