The objective of this paper is to analyse the legal position of train passengers to whom provisions of Regulation (EU) 2021/782 of the European Parliament and of the Council on rail passengers’ rights and obligations apply. This regulation will replace Regulation 1371/2007. The article attempts to answer the question whether the provisions of the new regulation truly strengthen the legal situation of passengers, as assumed therein. After an analysis and comparison of prescripts of both of these regulations the author points out that the aim of the new one has not been fully achieved. It is because the new law also introduces such provisions which do not only not improve the degree of protection of passengers, but also definitively weaken this protection. The author also points out the inadequacy of certain measures and formulates relevant de lege ferenda conclusions.