Ir al menú de navegación principal Ir al contenido principal Ir al pie de página del sitio

Vol. 25 Núm. 2 (2017)

Teologia biblijna

Znaczenie ofiary ʻōlāh w Leviticus 1: Rozważania z pogranicza translatoryki biblijnej i antropologii kulturowej

DOI: https://doi.org/10.34839/wpt.2017.25.2.67-80  [Google Scholar]
Publicado: 2019-01-14

Resumen

The article shows that the noun עֺלׇה in Leviticus 1 usually is translated according to the long-standing tradition of “holocaust” or “burnt offering”. However, this practice does not transmit etymology of the word derivative of the verb עׇלׇה, meaning “to ascend”, “to climb up”, “to go up”. The article gives an overview of major examples of Bible translations of the noun in Leviticus 1 as well as of most important commentators giving their explanations of its meaning. A due consideration is also given to key proposals of technical translation of עֺלׇה (Buber-Rosenzweig, E. Fox, J.B. Jordan), focusing specially on etymology of the noun. In turn, discussed are arguments of a few important cultural anthropologists, who suggest that main ancient cultures identified animals with humans. Finally, the article turns to explaining possible significances of offering rituals in Leviticus 1, in light of the animal-human identification. It is suggested that the noun עֺלׇה better would be translated as “ascension offering,” as the name points to the effect it has on men, in accordance with meanings of two other offerings, purification and peace. Didactically, עֺלׇה would indicate that a sinful man can ascend to the holy God through a sort of transformation, through some kind of death.

Citas

Alter R., The Five Books of Moses: A Translation with Commentary, New York 2004

Buber M., Toward a New German Translation of the Scriptures. Supplement to the Buber-Rosenzweig Translation of the Five Books of Instruction, tłum. A.J. Swensen, w: P. Ochs (red.), The Return to Scripture in Judaism and Christianity. Essays in Postcritical Scriptural Interpretation, Eugene 2008, s. 334-357

de Vaux R., Instytucje Starego Testamentu, Poznań, 2004

Eilberg-Schwartz H., The Savage in Judaism: An Anthropology of Israelite Religion and Ancient Judaism, Bloomington and Indianapolis 1990

Fox E., The Five Books of Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, A New Translation with Introductions, Commentary, and Notes, New York, 1995

Girard R., Violence and the Sacred, London 1989

Gray G.B., Sacrifice in the Old Testament: Its Theory and Practice, New York 1925

Hartley J.E., Leviticus, Word Biblical Commentary 4, Dallas 1992

Jordan J.B., Leviticus 1:1-2, „Biblical Horizons” 142, June 2001, b.s.

Jordan J.B., Through New Eyes: Developing a Biblical View of the World, Brentwood 1998

Leithart P.J., A House for My Name: A Survey of the Old Testament, Moscow, ID., 2000

Levine B.A., The JPS Torah Commentary – Leviticus ויקרא, Philadelphia, New York, Jerusalem, 1989

Łach S., Księga Kapłańska, KUL II-1, Poznań-Warszawa 1970

Milgrom J., Leviticus 1-16. A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. Anchor Bible 3, New York, 1991

Miller P.D., Animal Names as Designations in Ugaritic and Hebrew, w: P.D. Miller, Israelite Religion and Biblical Theology: Collected Essays, Sheffield 2000

Pismo Święte Starego i Nowego Testamentu. Najnowszy przekład z języków oryginalnych z komentarzem, Częstochowa, Edycja Świętego Pawła, 2008

Radner E., Leviticus. Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible, Grand Rapids 2008

Reichert K., „It Is Time”: The Buber-Rosenzweig Bible Translation in Context, w: S. Budick i W. Iser (red.), The Translatability of Cultures: Figurations of the Space Between, Stanford 1996, s. 169-185

Rosik M., Judaizm u początków ery chrześcijańskiej, Wrocław 2003

Sikora R.A., Rytuał składania ofiar w Starym Testamencie, w: G. Witaszek (red.), Życie religijne w Biblii, Lublin 1999, s. 193-203

Smolarz S., Prawa dietetyczne w Biblii Hebrajskiej a kwestie hermeneutyczne. Kontekstualne spojrzenie na Księgę Kapłańską Rozdział 11, „Classica Wratislaviensia” III (XXXIV), 2014, s. 77-87

The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, Volume 2, red. L. Koehler and W. Baumgartner, Leiden, New York, Köln 1995

Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, Volume XI, red. G.J. Botterweck, H. Ringgren, H.-J. Fabry, Grand Rapids, Cambridge, 2001

Tronina A., Księga Kapłańska. Nowy Komentarz Biblijny, Częstochowa 2006

Van Dam C., The Burnt Offering in Its Biblical Context, „Mid-America Journal of Theology” 7/2, 1991, s. 195-206

Watts J.W., ‘Ōlāh: the Rhetoric of Burnt Offering, „Vetus Testamentum” LVI/1, 2006, s. 125-135

Wenham G.J., The Book of Leviticus, Grand Rapids 1979

Wielki słownik hebrajsko-polski i aramejsko-polski Starego Testamentu, Tom I, red. L. Koehler, W. Baumgartner i J.J. Stamm, Warszawa 2008

Wolff H.W., Anthropology of the Old Testament, London and Philadelphia 1974

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.