“Academic” employment contract shows a number of distinctions from the “classical” employment contract regulated by the Labour Code. The provisions of the new Act – Law on Higher Education and Science constitute lex specialis in this respect. The specificity of the academic employment relationship manifests itself both in the sphere of employee relations, as well as tax relations (problems related to the manner and scope of application of increased (50%) tax deductible costs), or copyright law. Provision of work includes various activities of the employee. The provisions of the Law on higher education and science, which are located between the interplay of the above mentioned legal external relations, show a particular kind of dualism. They provide for a number of legal solutions of both restrictive and preferential nature (in institutional and employee dimension). The research objective that has been set is to analyse the specific features of the so-called “academic employment relationship” from the point of view of the institution (university), as well as the subject (academic teacher – creator). The above will make it possible to answer the question whether a sui generis legal relationship has been formed, or whether the growing, interdisciplinary interpretation problems are the result of incorrect interpretation or even shortcomings of legislative nature. In order to obtain verifiable research results, a dogmatic-legal and historical method has been used.