The addition of a new title of nullity of marriage to the new 1983 Code of Canon Law, and its placement in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, indicates the development of canon law in accordance with the principle of ius sequitur vitam. The legislator clearly indicates the elements of the new legal figure: the intention and purpose of the violator of deceit; victim; an error that is the result of a deceptive act; object of deceit. The inclusion in canon law of the machination of an action aimed at obtaining marital consent results from the protection of the aggrieved person who has been deceived regarding an essential quality of the other party to the marriage contract.
The judge, on the basis of the lawsuit, may initiate legal proceedings aimed at finding the truth about the valid conclusion of a particular marriage. A statement of claim is a request addressed to the court in which the claimant provides facts on the basis of which the procedural doubt formula is established. The lawsuits analyzed come from the archives of the Metropolitan Court in Lublin. They concern cases in which the object of deceit was pregnancy. It should be noted that such a deception, usually carried out by a woman, may involve either misrepresentation as to the very fact of pregnancy or misrepresentation as to the paternity of the child.
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