Towards the end of the 18th century the authorities of the Austrian invaders of Poland made the decision to pull down the St Stephen Parish Church in Krakow and then to transfer the parish to the Church of the Carmelites of the Ancient Observance “na Piasku”. For over a hundred years two church communities coexisted under one roof and ran their own separate activities. At first the cooperation went well. With time, it became weaker and after several years, it turned into an open conflict. The issue involved church and lay institutions as well as the general public. Numerous attempts undertaken for years in order to resolve the dispute were not effective.