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Teka Commission of Legal Sciences Polish Academy of Sciences Branch in Lublin

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2020)

Articles

The Account of Czesław Martyniak’s Philosophical and Legal Thought in the Face of Relativistic Concepts of Law in German Idealism and Neopositivism of Hans Kelsen

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32084/tekapr.2020.13.1-12  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2020-06-30

Abstract

Czesław Martyniak, a philosopher of law from the Catholic University of Lublin who, after the outbreak of World War II initiated by the ideology of racist socialism of the Third German Reich by attacking the Republic of Poland, carried out a heroic act of conscience by an academic teacher and, despite the prohibition of the German occupier, fulfilled his teaching mission at the Catholic University in Lublin. For this, along with other Scholars, he was sentenced to death on December 23, 1939. His moral attitude reflects, as in a mirror, an intellectual attitude in the classical understanding of law as the principle of order and interpersonal order in every community of people, from marriage, through the family and nation to the community of the state and the whole family of humanity. The German Reich did not make any new codification of the law in its criminal state, but identified the “Führer” with the “Act” (Gesetz) par excellence and thus totally relativized the objective of law as a law, which was helped by ideological systems such as the legal subjectivity of idealism German, socialization or communism of law in the ideology of socialist materialism and strong relativistic currents in the form of Hans Kelsen’s positivism and legal neo-positivism.

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