Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

Vol. 9 (2016)

Articles

Ban of Tortures as a Method of Acting Against Violence Directed Towards Subjects which are Particularly Vulnerable

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32084/tkp.6226  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2016-12-31

Abstract

The “Ban of Tortures as a Method of Acting Against Violence Directed towards Subjects which are Particularly Vulnerable” article covers the issue of freedom from tortures and the issue of inhuman or humiliating treatment. The need to provide the humans with specific legal protection from the attacks on their lives, health, freedom, integrity and dignity made the international community aware that the aforesaid values shall be legally protected. The documents from the field of human rights, referring to the prohibition of tortures, along with the case law of the international courts issued within that scope show that freedom of tortures is considered to be a jus cogens norm – a norm which is an absolute, in case of which no departure is permissible. The present article takes a look at the subjects which are sensitive and remain vulnerable to being subjected to violence: persons who were detained and are held in custody, women, foreign nationals and children.

References

  1. Como. Rapp., December 12th 1981, Reed. [Google Scholar]
  2. Como., Rapp., December 14th 1973, Patel. [Google Scholar]
  3. Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms drawn up in Rome on November 4th 1950, further amended with Protocols No. 3, 5 and 8 and complemented with Protocol No. 2 (hereinafter referred to as ECHR), Dz.U. [Journal of Laws] No. 61, item 284. [Google Scholar]
  4. Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention), opened for signature on May 11th 2011, STE nº 120. [Google Scholar]
  5. European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment was created in Strasbourg, on November 26th 1987, Dz.U. [Journal of Laws] 1995, No. 46, item 238. [Google Scholar]
  6. General Comment No. 7 of 1982. [Google Scholar]
  7. General Comment No. 20 of 1992. [Google Scholar]
  8. International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavla, Procureur v. Furundzija, December 10th 1998. [Google Scholar]
  9. Judgment of the ECtHR, Ireland v. The United Kingdom, January 18h 1978. [Google Scholar]
  10. Judgment of the ECtHR, Tyrer v. The United Kingdom, April 25th 1978. [Google Scholar]
  11. Judgment of the ECtHR, Campbel and Cosans v. The United Kingdom, January 29th 1982. [Google Scholar]
  12. Judgment of the ECtHR, Cambell and Fell v. The United Kingdom, June 28th 1984. [Google Scholar]
  13. Judgment of the ECtHR, Soering v. The United Kingdom, July 7th 1989. [Google Scholar]
  14. Judgment of the ECtHR, Tomasi v. France, Aut. 27th 1992. [Google Scholar]
  15. Judgment of the ECtHR, Hurtado v. Suisse, Jan. 28th 1994. [Google Scholar]
  16. Judgment of the ECtHR, Chahal v. United Kingdom, November 15th 1996. [Google Scholar]
  17. Judgment of the ECtHR, Aksoy v. Turkey, December 18th 1996. [Google Scholar]
  18. Judgment of the ECtHR, HRL v. France, April 29th 1997. [Google Scholar]
  19. Judgment of the ECtHR, D. v. The United Kingdom, May 2nd 1997. [Google Scholar]
  20. Judgment of the ECtHR, Aydin v. Turkey, September 25th 1997. [Google Scholar]
  21. Judgment of the ECtHR A v. The United Kingdom, September 23rd 1998. [Google Scholar]
  22. Judgment of the ECtHR, Assenov v. Bulgaria, October 28th 1998. [Google Scholar]
  23. Judgment of the ECtHR, Selmouni v. France, July 28th 1999. [Google Scholar]
  24. Judgment of the ECtHR, Grand Chamber, Kudla v. Poland, October 26th 2000. [Google Scholar]
  25. Judgment of the ECtHR, Dougoz v. Greece, March 6th 2001. [Google Scholar]
  26. Judgment of the ECtHR, Keenan v. United Kingdom, April 3rd 2001. [Google Scholar]
  27. Judgment of the ECtHR, Peers v. Greece, April 19th 2001. [Google Scholar]
  28. Judgment of the ECtHR Z et al v. The United Kingdom, May 10th 2001. [Google Scholar]
  29. Judgment of the ECtHR, Price v. The United Kingdom, July 17th 2001. [Google Scholar]
  30. Judgment of the ECtHR, Grand Chamber, Al-Adsdani v. The United Kingdom, November 21st 2001. [Google Scholar]
  31. Judgment of the ECtHR, Kalashnikov v. Russia, July 15th 2002. [Google Scholar]
  32. Judgment of the ECtHR, Mouisel v. France, November 14th 2002. [Google Scholar]
  33. Judgment of the ECtHR, M.C. v. Bulgaria, December 4th 2003. [Google Scholar]
  34. Judgment of the ECtHR, Frérot v. France, June 12th 2007. [Google Scholar]
  35. Judgment of the ECtHR, Tremblay v. France, September 11th 2007. [Google Scholar]
  36. Judgment of the ECtHR, Remlde v. France, October 16th 2008. [Google Scholar]
  37. Judgment of the ECtHR, Opuz v. Turkey, June 9th 2009. [Google Scholar]
  38. Judgment of the ECtHR Khider v. France, July 9th 2009. [Google Scholar]
  39. Judgment of the ECtHR, Kashavelov v. Bulgaria, Jan. 20th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  40. Judgment of the ECtHR El Shennawy v. France, January 20th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  41. Judgment of the ECtHR, Payet v. France, January 21st 2011. [Google Scholar]
  42. Judgment of the ECtHR, Yasgũl Yĩhmaz v. Turkey, February 1st 2011. [Google Scholar]
  43. Judgment of the ECtHR, Rahini v. Greece, April 5th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  44. Judgment of the ECtHR, Decision, Izevbekhal et al v. Ireland, May 17th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  45. Judgment of the ECtHR, R.R. v. Poland, May 26th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  46. Judgment of the ECtHR, Stasi v. France, October 20th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  47. Judgment of the ECtHR, Alborreo v. France, October 20th 2011. [Google Scholar]
  48. Judgment of the ECtHR, Popov v. France, January 19th 2012. [Google Scholar]
  49. Judgment of the ECtHR, Kaverzin v. Ukraine, May 15th 2012. [Google Scholar]
  50. Judgment of the ECtHR, Grand Chamber, Idalov v. Russia, May 22nd 2012. [Google Scholar]
  51. Protocol 7 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. [Google Scholar]
  52. Resolution 1247 (2001), issued on May 22nd 2001, referring to sexual mutilation of women, sections 6 and 7. [Google Scholar]
  53. The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted on December 3rd 1984, came into force on June 26th 1987, Dz. U. [Journal of Laws] 1989, No. 63, item 378 with the appendix. [Google Scholar]
  54. Burgorgue-Larsen, L., 2012. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, L.G.D.J.-Montchrestien, Paris. [Google Scholar]
  55. Garlicki, L., 2010. Commentary, art. 3, [in:] Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności. Komentarz do artykułów 1–18, ed. L. Garlicki, Warszawa. [Google Scholar]
  56. Gronowska, B., 2010. Wolność od tortur [Freedom from Tortures], [in:] B. Gronowska, T. Jasudowicz, M. Balcerzak, M. Lubiszewski, R. Mizerski, Prawa człowieka i ich ochrona [Human rights and protection thereof], Toruń. [Google Scholar]
  57. Hołda, J., Hołda, Z., Ostrowska, D., Rybczyńska, J.A., 2011. Prawa człowieka. Zarys wykładu, Warszawa. [Google Scholar]
  58. Joseph, S., Castan, M., 2013. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Cases, Materials, and Commentary, Oxford. [Google Scholar]
  59. Komitety Traktatowe ONZ [UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies], [in:] Leksykon ochrony praw człowieka. 100 podstawowych pojęć [Lexicon on Protection of the Human Rights. 100 basic terms], eds. M. Balcerzak, S. Sykuna, Warszawa 2010. [Google Scholar]
  60. Law of The European Convention on Human Rights, eds. D.J. Harris, M. O’Boyle, C. Warbrick, Oxford 2014. [Google Scholar]
  61. Niełaczna, M., 2010. Europejski Komitet Zapobiegania Torturom. Między kontrolą a stanowczością, Warszawa. [Google Scholar]
  62. Nowicki, M.A., 2013. Wokół Konwencji Europejskiej. Komentarz do Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka, Warszawa. [Google Scholar]
  63. Skupiński, J., 1991. Zakaz stosowania tortur lub innego nieludzkiego traktowania [Prohibition of Torture or other Inhumane Treatment], [In:] Prawa człowieka [Human Rights]. Model prawny [Legal model], Eds. R. Wieruszewski, Wrocław – Warszawa – Kraków. [Google Scholar]
  64. Sudre, F., 2015. Droit européen et international des droits de l’homme, Paris. [Google Scholar]
  65. Sudre, F., 1990. La Convention européenne des droits de l’homme, Paris. [Google Scholar]
  66. Tortury [Tortures], [in:] Leksykon ochrony praw człowieka. 100 podstawowych pojęć [Lexicon on Protection of the Human Rights. 100 basic terms], eds. M. Balcerzak, S. Sykuna, Warszawa 2010. [Google Scholar]

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.