The article contains a critical analysis of the provisions on criminal liability of minors introduced by the amendment to the Penal Code of 7 July 2022. The study contains historical considerations showing the evolution of juvenile law in terms of general development trends of this law. The subject of the main considerations are new solutions regarding Article 10 § 2, 2a and 3 of the Penal Code. The legislator expanded the scope of criminal liability of a minor, primarily by introducing the possibility of criminal liability of a minor from the age of 14 for qualified types of murder, and at the same time clearly tightened the criminal liability of minors, allowing for the possibility of imposing a prison sentence of up to 30 years on a 14-year-old and 15-year-old perpetrator for strictly defined types of crimes.