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Vol. 144 (2025): Our Past

Articles

An Outline of the History of the Manorial Economy of the Pauline Monastery in Stara Wieś in the 1740s and 1750s

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.2025.144.31-56  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2026-01-02

Abstract

The Pauline monastery in Stara Wieś was established on the initiative of Aleksander Antoni Fredro, Bishop of Przemyśl. The Paulines took over a new facility in 1728. The white monks were primarily responsible for taking care of the sanctuary of the Mother of God and promoting Marian devotion in the region. In Stara Wieś, an image depicting the Dormition and Assumption of the Virgin Mary is venerated. According to a legend widespread in the region, the image came from what is now Slovakia.
The monastery operated on the basis of a manorial economy. It was run on three farms: the monastery farm, ‘na Bliznem’ farm and the Żarnowiec and Długie farms, located in the Kraków Province and the Biecz County. The economic process was managed by the prior, and in the Kraków estates by appointed administrators. In total, the land holdings in the three farms amounted to approx. 21 łany (352.80 ha), and the cultivated area to approx. 11 łany (184.80 ha).
Crop production played the most important role in the Stara Wieś estates. The cultivation of rye, wheat, oats and barley dominated. Other crops played a supporting role. This crop production system was typical of the manor farms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth at that time. The highest yields were achieved in the cultivation of rye, wheat, barley and oats. Other crops played a secondary role (buckwheat, peas, broad beans, spelt, millet, grapevine). The crops were mainly used for consumption in the estates and in the monastery, for sowing and for propination.
The Stara Wieś farms bred horses, oxen, dairy cattle (cows), sheep, pigs, poultry and bees. However, as was usual at that time, breeding played a secondary role. Plant production was processed in the brewery, distillery and winery.
In summary, it should be emphasised that economic activity on the monastery estate in Stara Wieś did not differ from the economic system that prevailed in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century.

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