The article deals with the history of the Polish-Ukrainian relations from the Middle Ages, by Khmelnytsky Uprising, regaining independence by Poland, Volhynia genocide, Operation Vistula, till the contemporary relations of these two nations.
Against this background, there were analyzed further regulations devoted to the preservation of monuments and the effectiveness of legal records against destruction, looting, illegal export of artefacts abroad. The destruction of the Ukrainian material culture in
Poland, as well as Polish one on the lands incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR, often took place in the face of indifference, quiet acceptance or even at the instigation of the authorities. Finally, the author proposes de lege ferenda remarks on legal regulations
protecting monuments