The aim of the present article is to present the history of the Archconfraternity of the Holy Rosary at the church of St. Mary Magdalene in Wawrzeńczyce. In the first parts the author outlines the historical and geographical context of the activities of the Confraternity, by describing the development of the rosary service and the history of the parish of Wawrzeńczyce. Then – in chronological order – the author presents the history of the Archconfraternity from its foundation by Abraham Bzowski in 1600, through repeated foundation in 1630, up to its extinction in 1938. The author focuses on the territorial scope of the Confraternity, the number and social condition of its members, its liturgy, internal organization and estate.