The mysterious and full of speculation history of the assassination of the tsar family of the Romanovs has raised abundant suspicion and controversy for many years. Initial studies of anthropologists that were carried out on the remains discovered in a mass grave in the vicinity of Yekaterinburg were not able to unambiguously confirm the identity of the victims. It was only the application of genetic tests which developed at the time that brought certainty that it was the Romanovs who had been discovered 89 years after their tragic demise. This work describes the progress in the genetic studies that allowed to identify the remains of Tsar Nicholas II and his family. This knowledge has been used by forensic geneticists to this day