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Biblical Studies

What Does the Exegete Expect from the Theologian?

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52097/wpt.9793  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2026-05-19

Abstract

This paper addresses the problem of the relationship between exegesis and theology. The basis for the conclusions is an analysis of specific cases in which this relationship is realised. The first part of the article is dedicated to an analysis of the question of whether the exegetical method is orthodox or heterodox in itself. The basis for this consideration is the category of exegetical heresies in the Book of the Various Heresies of Philastrius of Brescia. The second part is based on a confrontation of the use of Col 1:27 in Arian and orthodox interpretation. It shows that it is not exegesis but the wider theological context that determines the nature of the interpretation of the biblical text. The third section examines the exegesis of Athanasius the Great, examples of which are provided by the short writings of this Father of the Council of Nicea. His exegetical practice does not fit into the simple binomium of literalism and allegorism. Athanasius draws on a variety of exegetical procedures and is guided by the theology of the Logos as hermeneutics. In the last part of the article, we refer to the Radical Orthodoxy movement and the place it remains to fill: the theological interpretation of Revelation. In this reflection, Radical Orthodoxy becomes the touchstone showing that integral theology must include a reflection leading to a theological description of Scripture and how Revelation is expressed in it. This analysis leads to the following conclusions: breaking the unity of exegesis and theology harms both; the result of breaking this bond is that exegesis becomes dependent on the methods of the human sciences (history, sociology) or ideology; theology detached from exegesis becomes a philosophical project (exemplified by the radical orthodoxy movement).

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