Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Nasza Przeszłość

Vol. 20 (1964): Our Past

Articles

The Jesuits and Polish religiosity (1564-1964)

  • Mieczysław Bednarz
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1964.20.149-224  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1964-12-30

Abstract

The first diocesan seminaries established in Poland after the Council of Trent were, with a few exceptions, all Jesuit. The beginning and model for all other seminaries was the oldest seminary in Poland in Braniewo, founded in 1565 by Bishop Stanislaw Hozjusz. The seminary in Kalisz was founded by Primate Stanislaw Karnkowski, who, together with Hozjusz and Protaszewicz, became one of the greatest friends and benefactors of the new Jesuit order. Immediately after taking over the archdiocese of Gniezno in 1582, Karnkowski requested the opening of a seminary in the Jesuit College in Poznan and a second one in Kalisz, where he also founded a college for the Jesuits. The opening of the seminaries was delayed until 1593, however, because the chapter of Gniezno raised various objections to the Jesuits, pointing to unfavourable material conditions.
Apart from Bishop Karnkowski, two other priests were instrumental in the establishment of the seminaries. They were Alphonsus Pisanus and Sigismund Brodowski, the former an excellent professor, the latter a youth educator who was particularly devoted to the work of promoting vocations to the priesthood.
The school programme included not only the humanistic disciplines but also polemical theology. Moral theology, the study of Sacred Scripture, ecclesiastical ceremonies, chant and the study of Sacred Scripture, ecclesiastical ceremonies, chant and the study of the calendar. At the end of the 16th century, a short study of dogmatic theology and philosophical lectures were introduced.
The diocesan seminary in Kalisz existed until 1620, when Primate Wawrzyniec Gembicki took over the management of the seminary from the Jesuits and transferred its students to Gniezno. The official reason given by the Primate was that the Jesuits paid little attention to the practical training of the clergy, especially the study of ceremonies and chant. He also pointed out that there were enough suitable priests in his diocese to take over the ministry. In reality, however, it was a matter of the cathedral chapter's hostile attitude towards the Jesuit order, which at the time was involved in a dispute with the Academy in Krakow.

References

  1. J. V. Bainvel, Kult Serca Bożego, Kraków 1934. [Google Scholar]
  2. S. Bednarski, Upadek i odrodzenie szkół jezuickich w Polsce, Kraków 1933. [Google Scholar]
  3. J. Bilczewski, Listy pasterskie, t. I, Mikołów-Warszawa 1908. [Google Scholar]
  4. A. Brückner, Dzieje kultury polskiej, t. 2, Warszawa 1958. [Google Scholar]
  5. A. Brückner, Różnowiercy Polscy, Warszawa 1905. [Google Scholar]
  6. J. Bystroń, Dzieje obyczajów w dawnej Polsce, t. I, Warszawa 1932. [Google Scholar]
  7. K. Chodynicki, Kościół prawosławny w Polsce, Warszawa 1934. [Google Scholar]
  8. T. Długosz, Relacje arcybiskupów lwowskich, Lwów 1937. [Google Scholar]
  9. W. Dobrowolska, Młodość Jerzego i Krzysztofa Zbaraskich, Przemyśl 1926. [Google Scholar]
  10. K. Górski, Od religijności do mistyki, Lublin 1962. [Google Scholar]
  11. Humanizm i Reformacja w Polsce, red. I. Chrzanowski, S. Kot, Lwów-Warszawa-Kraków 1927. [Google Scholar]
  12. A. Kawecka-Gryczowa, Drukarze w dawnej Polsce. Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie, Wrocław-Kraków 1959, z. 5. [Google Scholar]
  13. A. Klawek, Zarys dziejów teologii katolickiej w Polsce, Kraków 1948. [Google Scholar]
  14. K. Konopka S. I., Nieznany patron Krakowa, „Nasze Wiadomości”, R. 2, 1909, s. 652-661. [Google Scholar]
  15. Kossowski A., Protestantyzm w Lublinie i w Lubelskiem w XVI-XVII w., Lublin 1933. [Google Scholar]
  16. P. de Leturia, El gentilhombre Iñigo López de Loyola, Barcelona 1949. [Google Scholar]
  17. F. Machay, Działalność duszpasterska kardynała Radziwiłła, Kraków 1936. [Google Scholar]
  18. Monumenta Ignatium, Constitutiones, t. I, Roma 1934. [Google Scholar]
  19. J. Muczkowski, Dawny krakowski ratusz, „Rocznik Krakowski”, 1906, t. 8, s. 1-50. [Google Scholar]
  20. E. Nowak, Rys dziejów duszpasterstwa wojskowego w Polsce, Warszawa 1932. [Google Scholar]
  21. J. Pachucki, Matka Leona Jankiewi, Kraków 1929. [Google Scholar]
  22. M. Pirożyński, Zakony żeńskie w Polsce, Lublin 1935. [Google Scholar]
  23. Sacrum Poloniae Millenium, t. I, Rzym 1954, s. 257-390. [Google Scholar]
  24. W. Smerka, Zarys bibliograficzny ważniejszych wydań Biblii Wujka, „Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny”, R. 3, 1950, s. 64-91. [Google Scholar]
  25. M. Sopoćko, Mikołaj Łęczycki o wychowaniu duchowem, Wilno 1935. [Google Scholar]
  26. J. Sygański, Listy Skargi, Kraków 1912. [Google Scholar]
  27. J. Tazbir, Historyczne źródła polskiego katolicyzmu, „Nowa Kultura”, 1960, nr 44, s. 7. [Google Scholar]
  28. B. Ulanowski, Akta kapituł z w. XVI, t. I, cz. I, Kraków 1908. [Google Scholar]

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.