In this article, the authors outline selected ethical aspects of the set of rules of professional ethics for judges and court assessors. They present the concepts of judicial independence and justice in relation to the concept of law, which are crucial for the ethical context in which a judge acts. They present a historical outline and the process of creation of the ethical institutions of the judicial profession, considering its evolution and influence on the current wording of the rules, and present the current regulations, crowning the process of codification of the set of rules of professional ethics of judges and court assessors.