The description of the pilgrimage from which the petition in question comes from was left by its participant, Franciszek Kuniewicz. During the pilgrimage, the peasants visited Rome and met Pius X, to whom they handed a book with signatures and received a cross. There are many indications that this secret pilgrimage was organized by Polish nationalists together with the Roman Catholic clergy. The pilgrimage was well received in Poland and around the world. It caused great interference in the West and prompted diplomatic intervention in St. Petersburg.