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Vol. 70 (1988): Our Past

Articles

Jadwiga Zamoyska (1831-1923)

  • Jan Ziółek
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1988.70.31-74  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1988-12-30

Abstract

The exceptionally interesting figure of Jadwiga Zamoyska has not been the subject of an in-depth monograph so far. The founder of a school of housewives for young girls preparing them for housework, author of several books on pedagogy, she was the wife of General Władysław Zamoyski. She was born during the November Uprising, when her father, Tytus Działyński, was the adjutant of the army commander, General Skrzynecki. After the defeat of the uprising, the Działyńskis settled first in Kraków, then in the estate of Léon Sapieha - Żurawica, from where they later moved to Wysocko near Jarosław. A little later, they were administrators in Bosniatowo, from where they left for a longer period to the Cieszyn estate, as part of Mrs. Działyńska's dowry. After a very long trial addressed to the Prussian authorities, Tytus Działyński regained the confiscated Kórnik property. Immediately after 1833, they settled in Greater Poland. Jadwiga often travels with her mother and her housekeeper, Miss Birt. When she became the wife of General Władysław Zamoyski, she lived in Paris. She often accompanied her husband on his trips abroad on behalf of Hôtel Lambert. Thus, during the Crimean War, she stayed in the Middle East and then traveled around England. During the January Uprising, she served as a courier, ensuring contacts between Poland and Paris. After her husband's death in 1868, Jadwiga Zamoyska and her daughter Maria decided to return to Poland to establish a school for girls. Some time later, there was a chance to implement Jadwiga's idea. Jan Działyński, the owner of Kórnik, left all his property to Władysław Zamoyski (son) after his death. The Zamoyski family returned to Greater Poland. Two years later, the school opened its doors to its first students. The conditions for creating this type of facility in Kórnik are excellent. Unfortunately, the founder could not enjoy her work for long, in 1885 the Prussian authorities closed the school. The Zamoyski family was expelled from Greater Poland. Therefore, it was necessary to move the school multiple times: first to Lubowla, then to Kalwaria Zebrzydowska, and finally and definitively to Kuźnice, after the purchase of Zakopane by Władysław Zamoyski. It was there that Jadwiga Zamoyska lived until Poland regained independence, writing her books and editing her husband's correspondence. After Poland regained freedom, the Zamoyski family returned to Kórnik, where the general died on November 4, 1923.

References

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  6. Ziółek J., Stosunek Wielkiej Emigracji do dynastii Bonapartych, Lublin 1980. [Google Scholar]

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