Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Problemy Współczesnej Kryminalistyki

Vol. 20 (2016)

Artykuły

New psychoactive substances – material, legal, lawsuit and criminal issues

  • Czesław P. Kłak
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52097/pwk.5544  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2023-06-07

Abstract

The article concerns material, legal, lawsuit and criminal issues with reference to new psychoactive substances. According to Polish legislation “substitute substance” is a term used to describe new psychoactive substance. Legal definition of the substance can be found in statute from 29th July 2005 on prevention of drug abuse / Journal of Laws of 2012, item 124 with later changes/. According to art 4 no. 27 the substitute substance is a product which contains at least one new psychoactive substance or another substance with similar influence on central nervous system, which can be used instead of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substance whose making and distributing is not regulated on the basis of separate laws. The concept of new psychoactive substance was also legally defined assuming that it is natural or synthetic substance in any physical state which influences on central nervous system but it must me specified on the basis of regulations in art. 44b point 2 of the statute (regulation issued by Ministry of Health). According to author this definition does not allow successful fight with new psychoactive substances on the market as on one hand is bases on formal criterion (putting the substance on the list of new psychoactive substances), and on the other hand it allows to assume that the product is substitute substance when it shows that the use of it has similar effects to one of substances put on the register determined by Ministry of Health. According to author such definition of substitute substance does not allow on quick response in case of introduction to the market new, unknown substance, whose composition and influence will be established having the repressive and preventive value limited. The author proposes another definition of substitute substance – product which contains psychoactive substance and that can be used instead of narcotic drug or psychotropic substance which making and introducing
to market is not regulated on the basis of additional regulations. As a result the decision will belong to proper authority. Without such decision given product which contains psychoactive substance will not be allowed to be legally present on the market. The author also proposes the introduction of legal responsibility for those who produce, introduce to the market and sell substitute substances to customers. As a consequence of adopting giver proposition it will be necessary to review regulations of lawsuit in order to enable proper authorities to cooperate in terms of prevention producing, introducing to market and selling substitute substances. 

References

  1. Błachut D., Szukalski B., Dopalacze – właściwości chemiczne, skala zagrożeń i przeciwdziałanie rozpowszechnianiu, „Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego” 2012, nr 6 [Google Scholar]
  2. Błachut J., Gaberle A., Krajewski K., Kryminologia, Arche, Gdańsk 2000 [Google Scholar]
  3. Bułat K., Czarniak P., Gorzelak A., Grabowski K., Iwański M., Jakubek P., Jodłowski J., Małek M., Młodawska-Mąsior S., Papież A., Stożek M., Kryminologia, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2013 [Google Scholar]
  4. Łucarz K., Muszyńska A., Ustawa o przeciwdziałaniu narkomanii. Komentarz, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2007, t. 22 do art. 4. [Google Scholar]
  5. Narkotyki obiektywnie. Sprawozdanie Europejskiego Centrum Monitorowania Narkotyków i Narkomanii, publikacja na stronie www.emcdda.europa.eu (dostęp 12.06.2016 r.) [Google Scholar]
  6. Paprocki M., Uzależnienie wśród młodzieży gimnazjalnej w świetle wybranych regulacji prawnokarnych oraz ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu narkomanii, „Probacja” 2015, nr 2 [Google Scholar]
  7. Używanie substancji psychoaktywnych przez polską młodzież w 2015 r., publikacja na stronie www.gis.gov.pl (dostęp 12.06.2016). [Google Scholar]
  8. Warecki K., Dopalacze, Polskie Wydawnictwo Encyklopedyczne, Radom 2010 [Google Scholar]
  9. www.pssekolobrzeg.pis.gov.pl (dostęp 12.06.2016). [Google Scholar]
  10. Zawilska J., Nowe związki psychoaktywne („dopalacze”). Część 1. Informacje ogólne, „Medycyna Praktyczna – Psychiatria” 2016, nr 1 [Google Scholar]
  11. Zawilska J., Nowe związki psychoaktywne („dopalacze”). Część 2. Syntetyczne kanabinomietyki, „Medycyna Praktyczna – Psychiatria” 2016, nr 2 [Google Scholar]