In her memoirs Mother Maria Xawera of Jesus, Countess Czartoryska (1833-1928), a discalced Carmelite, gives an account of the revival in Poland of the Carmelite Order and the Order of Discalced Carmelite Nuns. It was the work of a group of nuns led by Mother Jadwiga Wielhorska, who came from Belgium to Poznań. However, it was not long before they had abandon their newly built convent in Wieżowa Street. Driven out by the repressive measures of the Kulturkampf, they left for Cracow in 1874. Here they found shelter at the convent of Discalced Carmelite Nuns in Kopernik Street until they were able to move to a new convent at Łobzów in 1875. The new convent catalyzed a revival of the Polish Carmel after a phase of forcible dissolutions, undertaken by the three powers that partitioned Poland. The Cracow convent gave rise to three new foundations, in Przemyśl, Lwów, and Poznań. To save from closure the only convent of Discalced Carmelites at Czerna, the Carmelite Nuns from Łobzów arranged its admission into the Austrian semi-province in 1875. In 1879 they invited Father Łukasz of St John of the Cross, the General of the Order, to pay a canonical visit in the convents in Cracow and at Czema. When he came, they presented to him the precarious situation of the Czema convent and asked him for urgent help. Their efforts were not in vain. Next year the arrival of eight fathers and two brothers from other provinces gave Czema a new lease of life. Their prayers for a revival of monastic life at Czema produced results in more than one way. Finally they started getting approvals and official permissions for the founding of a new Discalced Carmelite convent in Cracow. Again they were successful in their efforts: the Provincial Definitorium in Vienna not only endorsed the idea, but actually ordered the nuns to get ahead with the construction work and provided the means for it (ie. 20 thousand crowns, the whole dowry of Rafaela Hochberger; 71,448 crowns and 75 hellers from public collections and a fully furnished sacristy). After the convent had been completed, the General Board decided on 20 October 1911 to create the Polish semi-province of the Order and chose for it the name of the Holy Spirit.Nobody contributed more to the task of restoring the Carmelite presence in Poland than Mother Maria Xawera of Jesus Czartoryska, the author of the memoir which is published here for the first time.