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Vol. 31 (2024)

Artykuły

The Role and Tasks of a Father Towards His Offspring and His Relationship with Them in Light of the Old Testament Sapiential Literature

  • Andrzej Piwowar
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52097/rs.2024.445-466  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2024-12-12

Abstract

The first part of the article contains a detailed analysis of the occurrence of the Hebrew noun אׇב and the Greek πατήρ in the biblical books of the sapiential tradition (Job, Ecc, Prov, Sir, and Wisd), which made it possible to distinguish texts that speak of an earthly and biological father. The second part is an analysis of these texts in terms of the role a father plays towards his offspring and his tasks towards his children. It shows that the father’s main task is to raise his children and pass on the religious and moral values according to which they should live and act so as to achieve the most important goal of their lives, which is wisdom understood not as the possession of intellectual knowledge, but as the right way to act – in accordance with the covenant and faith in God. Moreover, the sapiential books of the Old Testament show selected aspects of the relationship of a father to his children, especially to his son, and of the offspring to their parent. It can be both positive (respect and honor) and negative (such as malice or insult). The former is praised, while the latter is condemned and rebuked by the sages. This article is not a comprehensive discussion of the relationship between a father and his offspring, but it does present the most important aspects of this relationship from the perspective of the wisdom of ancient Israel.

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