The article is an attempt at analysing a small fragment of preaching of Antoni Węgrzynowicz, known in Franciscan circles in the 18th century. In the Ba-roque period, teaching about sin occupied a significant place in the thought of moral theologians and dogmatists. Sin could be analysed from the perspective of its effects in current life (the echo of these thoughts can clearly be heard in the Franciscan’s sermons), but it could also be presented as a factor destroying human life after death and a cause of damnation. Such an understanding of sin was a bearer of fear, as the sinner was aware that by wrongdoing he destroyed his life “here” and “there”.