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Nasza Przeszłość

Vol. 60 (1983): Our Past

Articles

The Marian Sanctuary in Wola Gułowska

  • Zofia Walczy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1983.60.129-168  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1983-12-30

Abstract

On September 5, 1982 Wola Gulowska, and with it the diocese of Siedlce and the whole Polish province of Carmelite order, celebrated the crowning of Our Lady’s miraculous image to be found at that place.The picture was painted probably at the beginning of the XVIth century by an unknown Polish painter. It represents Madonna with the Child (the type of Hodigitria). It has been placed in the chapel built in Wola Gulowska by Rusiecki family, the owners of that village. In 1633 Ludwik Krasiñski brought here the Carmelites whose duties were to guard the miraculous picture, to diffuse Virgin Mary’s cult and to have cure of souls. In 1659 the bishop of Cracow erected for­mally the convent of the Carmelite Fathers in Wola Gulowska. The rich legacies made it possible to build in brick a new church within a hundred odd years. The church was consecrated in 1782 under the invocation of Virgin Mary’s Visitation. This late baroque building, possessing an imposing façade with two towers, rebuilt after its de­struction during the last war and restored in the last years, is a wor­thy framework of the miraculous picture. Inside there takes attention also the late baroque complex of the high altar and two side altars at the rood-screen pillars. In the richly decorated high altar there is the miraculous Virgin Mary’s picture.The convent of the Carmelite Fathers developed successfully and increased. In 1664 there were in the monastery 14 monks. Three years later a noviciate was opened, later on a philosophical and theological college which gave Poland many eminent priests and citizens (e.g., Father Marek Jandowicz (Jandolowicz), the moral leader of the Bar Confederation (1788—1772), and Father Marcin Rubczyński, a theolo­gian.The monks of Wola Gulowska gave evidence of their patriotism during the November Insurrection, were active at the preparation of the January Insurrection, supported materially and morally the fighting detachments. Here, in the region of Podlasie the Insurrection has taken the most bloody course and lasted longest. In 1864 the mo­nastery in Wola Gulowska was abolished, the monks engaged in In­surrection- were sent into exile to Siberia or arrested. In 1869 there was established a parish. The Carmelite Fathers returned to Wola Gulowka only in free Poland, in 1924.The cul/t of Virgin Mary of Wola Gulowska spread rapidly and was not only of local importance. In the seveteenth-century convent chronicles we read about great crowds gathering here on Virgin Mary’s festivities. The inventory of 1681 records many votive offerings and jewellery. This cult acquired a peculiar importance during the parti­tions of Poland, when Our Lady's protection helped the Polish nation to survive the time of bondage and the Uniats to resist the persecu­tions. In the fierce fights during the last battle of the September cam­paign 1939, waged in those regions by the soldiers of general Kleeberg,the miraculous picture has also been shot through. Since then Virgin Mary of Wola Gulowska is adored not only as a Protectress of Siedlce re­gion but also as a Patroness of the September soldiers who gather at her feet on the anniversaries of the last battle of the September campaign.

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