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Nasza Przeszłość

Vol. 81 (1994): Our Past

Articles

Attempts to include the Jagiellonian states in the anti-Turkish coalition of Pope Alexander VI at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries

  • Krzysztof Baczkowski
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1994.81.5-50  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1994-06-30

Abstract

The article discusses in detail the course of diplomatic negotiations, the aim of which on the part of the Holy See was to win the countries ruled by the Jagiellonians (Poland, Lithuania, the Czech Republic and Hungary) to the anti-Turkish crusade planned for 1500-1501. Venice, at war with Turkey since July 1499, also actively participated in these efforts, as did France, hoping to gain allies against the Jagiellonian Habsburg dynasty. The amount of subsidies promised to him by Venice and the annulment of his marriage by the Holy See depended on Poland, which counted on the financial support of the Church in the fight against the Tatars and Moscow, feigned willingness to start a war with Turkey, and negotiated a longer ceasefire with the Sultan. Both Jagiellonian lines (Polish and Czech-Hungarian) showed solidarity with the Habsburgs by concluding an alliance with France on July 14, 1500. Poland could not be persuaded to start a real war with Turkey: in the spring of 1500 there was a truce, which was concluded on July 19, 1501 for a longer period. In Hungary, at the turn of 1500/1501, Venetian diplomats conducted long-term negotiations regarding the country's accession to the alliance with the Turks, which ended in success only after Venice's decision to grant a subsidy in the amount requested by Hungary, as well as by the papal legate, Cardinal Peter Isvalies , financial support of Alexander VI. Although it was not possible to create a pan-European anti-Turkish coalition, Władysław II signed an alliance with Venice and the Pope on May 13, 1501 and initiated hostilities against the Turks, although they were limited to destruction in the border areas and were interrupted in February 1503. Although Poland withdrew from participation in the Crusade, received significant help from the Church in the form of the so-called crusade tithes, intended for the fight against "infidels", as well as diplomatic support in matters of Moscow and the Knights' Order.

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