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Vol. 95 (2001): Our Past

Articles

A catalogue of graves of the Roman Catholic, Armenian Catholic and Greek Catholic clergy and nuns in cemeteries in Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi and Odessa

  • Józef Wołczański
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.2001.95.357-399  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2001-06-30

Abstract

The cemeteries in Poland's historic Eastern Borderlands and further east—in territories which never belonged to the Polish state, but had sizeable Polish minorities—display important traces of the presence of the Catholic Church in those multi-religious and multiethnic communities. The extant historic cores of the cemeteries in Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi, and Odesa contain numerous graves of Catholic clergy of the Latin, Greek, and Armenian rite. The largest number of tombstones with inscriptions of this kind can be found in Zhytomyr, the center of a region with a large Polish population both in the past and now, and the seat of a Latin bishopric. In the Zhytomyr cemetery, it was possible to identify 71 graves of Roman Catholic and Greek Catholic priests, both members of the diocesan clergy and of various religious orders, e.g., the Bernardines, Basilian, Piarists, and Jesuits. Although the great majority of them were Polish, some affirmed their Ukrainian identity. Moreover, the cemetery was the burial place of the nuns from the Societies of the Servants of Jesus (fourteen graves) and the Vincent de Paul Sisters of Charity (eight graves). Twenty-six clergy of the three Catholic rites, though most of them adherents of the Latin liturgy, are buried at the Chernivtsi cemetery. Six of them were members of religious orders, i.e., four Jesuits and two Vincent de Paul missionaries. The great majority of them identified themselves as Polish; the remaining few had Armenian, Ukrainian, and German background. The only female congregations whose members' graves can be found in Chernivtsi are the Felician Sisters and the Marists. In the Odesa cemetery, there are ten graves of the clergy, all of them Catholics of the Latin rite. One of them belonged to the Bernardine Order. No graves of members of any female congregations could be found in that cemetery. Of the clergymen interred there, one was German, one French, one probably Ukrainian or Russian; the rest of them were Polish. The condition of the graves in the three sites differs considerably. The Zhytomyr cemetery has suffered most in the course of history. Many tombstones have been scarred and vandalized, some of them quite recently. Things are much better in Chernivtsi and Odesa, where the absence of anti-Polish complexes seems to have ensured the preservation of tombstones erected in honor of notable Poles who used to live there. It is to be hoped that the names of Catholic clergy and religious of various nationalities that are buried in Ukrainian cemeteries will be restored—also by means of this article—in our collective memory and shielded against the devastating effects of hatred, willful negligence, or sheer indifference bred by the passage of time.

References

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