This article examines the structures of the extraordinary military judiciary system established in the formative years of the Second Polish Republic. Their role was of particular importance in shaping military justice after the period of partitions, handling cases initiated before 1918, and ensuring the swift prosecution of soldiers who disobeyed orders. The discussion focuses on the principal forms of extraordinary “wartime” military courts: the Supreme Military Court, Garrison and General District Courts, Summary and Field Courts, and the State Defence Tribunal. The analysis draws on the relevant legislative framework as well as other primary sources. The study serves as a preliminary contribution to further, in-depth research on the subject.
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