
The recurring question about the Church today concerns not so much Her nature, as Her purpose: “What is the Church for?” Formulated in this way, the question encourages us to resume the theology of the Church as the sacrament of salvation, which seems never to be properly acknowledged inside the Church. Starting from a concise analysis of the use of this phrase in the documents of the Second Vatican Council in section one, this paper refers to Father Yves Congar’s theology in order to present the fruitfulness of the ecclesiological perspective, especially in its dynamic dimension. Section two demonstrates that the first fruit of this perspective is not the ecclesiocentrism, but the Church’s relation to God and to the world. Thus the mission of the Church is seen as integral part of Her essence, and the world – as part of God’s eternal purpose. In section three the second fruit of the dynamic perspective of the Church seen as the sacrament of salvation is shown as the necessity of going beyond an individualistic understanding of salvation, for the creation finds its fulfilment in its completeness and unity. This leads us to enquire about the credibility of the Church as a sacrament of salvation in Christ. Lastly, section four shows the meaning of a phrase that is rarely referred to in the theological reflection, but present in the Council documents: “messianic people.” Advocated by Yves Congar at the Council, the phrase stresses the eschatological dimension of the Church. In this manner, the question “What is the Church for?” recurs in Congar’s theology, presenting the Church as inseparably linked with God’s promise for us and through us, within God’s eternal purpose for all mankind.
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