The article analyzes the role of cultural markers in the translation process and emphasizes the need for translators to develop competences that go beyond linguistic proficiency. Cultural markers are understood as elements rooted in specific traditions and social realities, requiring careful interpretation and deliberate translational choices. It is argued that translation involves not only linguistic transfer but also cultural mediation, which necessitates maintaining a balance between domestication and the preservation of foreignness. The article discusses a set of key competences essential for translation, including the ability to identify cultural elements, anticipate reader responses, make strategic decisions, adhere to professional norms and ethics, and apply practical tools of the craft. It is highlighted that professional translation requires the integration of linguistic and cultural competences as well as the capacity to adapt the text to its function and the expectations of the target audience. The conclusions stress the role of the translator as an intercultural mediator who consciously shapes the translation so as to provide access to the cultural values embedded in the source text.
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