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Nasza Przeszłość

Vol. 79 (1993): Our Past

Articles

Jews among Christians in the cities of Greater Poland in the pre-partition period

  • Zenon Guldon
  • Jacek Wijaczka
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1993.79.149-197  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1993-06-30

Abstract

The history of the presence of Jews in Greater Poland dates back to the 10th century, and their rights were significantly expanded thanks to the privilege granted by the Duke of Kalisz, Bolesław the Pious, in 1264. In 1578, Jews paid taxes, which suggests that their number was at least 8,500 people, with the largest community in Poznań. In 1656, during the Polish-Swedish war, many Jews fell victim to Polish troops, accused of collaboration with the Swedes, and some of them fled to Silesia. After the end of the conflict, Jews from Greater Poland became significant players in Poland's trade with Western countries, actively participating in fairs in Leipzig and Wrocław. In 1676, over 4,600 Jews paid poll tax in the cities of Greater Poland. In 1765, the number of Jews in Greater Poland exceeded 47,000. At the end of the 18th century, every third inhabitant of the cities of western Greater Poland was Protestant, and every fifth was Jewish. Trials concerning alleged ritual murders were held in cities such as Kcynia, Kłodawa, Kalisz, Łęczyca and Poznań, and Jews were sometimes accused, e.g. in Poznań. In the years 1556-1558, trials took place against Jews from Kalisz, Kowal and Wschowa.

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