In sign language, a sign is built up of many elements – apart from the hands or forearms, the chest, head, shoulders, face, lips, forehead and even nose contribute to its production. This article attempts to look at the issue of non-manual communication analysed within the framework of the project of documenting sign languages in Baltic countries. The analysed material was gathered during taped sessions conducted in Vilna and Riga with the participation of adult native users of Lithuanian and Latvian sign language. The object of study was the non-manual representation of signed communications, and the aim was to capture structural similarities in the process of creating communications on the basis of presented elicitatory material in the form of short picture stories. In the final section of the article, the author stresses the importance of this kind of documentation in preserving the culture of the users of the languages discussed.