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Vol. 97 (2002): Our Past

Articles

Letters from exile of Fr. Antoni Borysowicz to his brother

  • Józef Wołczański
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.2002.97.299-362  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2002-06-30

Abstract

Father Antoni Borysowicz (1893-1966) was a priest in the Diocese of Mogilev (today in Belarus). He was ordained in 1917 in St. Petersburg, where he studied divinity at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy. In 1918, when Russia turned communist, he left for Poland. He graduated from the Law Department of the Jagiellonian University, taught religion at school, and for a time (until 1939) was headmaster of the Nazaretine Grammar School in Kalisz. During the war, he ministered in Lithuania and Belarus. Arrested by the Soviet secret police NKVD on 12 December 1944 in Minsk, he was accused of being a member of illegal political organizations, inciting young people to form Polish associations and organizations, and propagating the idea of Belarus joining the Polish state. On 24 December, he was sentenced to five years of forced labor. He began serving his term at Verchoturg in the Urals, where he was brought before another court which commuted his sentence to five years of deportation to Siberia. Released on 24 December 1949, he tried in vain to resume work as a Catholic priest. Arrested again in 1951, he was deported to Kazakhstan. Two years later, after his release, he decided to go to Podole, in northwestern Ukraine. He worked there as a priest until his death at Hreczany on 6 May 1966. The letters that are published here were written during his first term of detention and the last years of his life as a ‘free’ man. The Gulag correspondence contains a lot of details of everyday life in the camp. He appears to have had a considerable margin of freedom, and his living conditions were quite tolerable. He was not harassed by the guards or his fellow prisoners; even saying Mass was not impossible, though it had to be done in great secrecy. The efforts undertaken by him personally and his relatives in Poland to achieve an early release were all in vain. In spite of all his moral suffering, and the physical suffering he had to endure in the early days in the camp, his spirit was unbroken. He kept in touch with his brother Jerzy in Poland, his father, who also found himself in the Soviet Union, and his friends who sent him food parcels. By keeping up these contacts, he survived the hardships of imprisonment and deportation, preserving his faith in man and the power of goodness.

References

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