In the end of the 19th century and in the beginning of 20th century in industrial centers in the Kingdom of Poland the disclosure of the dechristianization appeared. It is so deserving of the attention, because in the same time polish religiousness was in the process of general deepening. This article is the attempt of the characterization of the reasons, which caused the departure of the workers from the religious practices and from the Catholic church. Some dependences e.g. the administrational and territorial conditions strictly connected with the parish structure of the catholic church in Poland are analyzed, then the “pastoral” conditions videlicet the grade o f the priests preparation to perform pastoral service in the working-class society and the matters connected with the relation between the priest and the worshippers; and strictly connected the economic and political reasons e.g. the political agitation made by the socialist revolutionary parties, describing the different aspects of the catholic clergy, its material status and the relationship to the working-class society in the discussed period. This study describes also the effects of the antichurch agitation. So it tries to discuss matter of forming the antichurch attitudes of the workers and describes the symptoms of these attitudes.