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Vol. 96 (2001): Our Past

Articles

The land allowance of Koronowo's townsmen in the 16th century

  • Ryszard Kabaciński
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.2001.96.169-193  [Google Scholar]
Published: 2001-12-30

Abstract

The use of farmland by city-dwellers in medieval and early modem Po­land has so far attracted only marginal attention. This article takes up the problem with reference to one particular locality in the late 16th century. It uses as a source a 17thcentury copy of four farmland registers compiled in 1597-1599 by the town officials of Koronowo under the supervision of the steward of the monastic estates. The registers provide a record of a deal in­volving an exchange of land between the Koronowo burghers on the one hand and the Abbot of Koronowo and the suffragan bishop of Włocławek Wawrzyniec Żaliński. The redrawing of borders followed a reform within the monastery where the abbot’s estate had been clearly divided from the prop­erty of the convent. As a result of the deal the townsmen received farmland that belonged to the deserted village of Samociążek, south-east of Koro­nowo, and more plots of land to the east of the town, called „at Janiszewo”, „up the organist’s plot” and „up Parowy”. Although such descriptions may have been satisfactory at the time they were made, nowadays the exact posi­tioning of the plots is impossible. It appears that the land was redistributed among town-dwellers with full civic rights, ie. those who possessed a build­ing lot in town and in its outskirts. The 202 burghers in that category divided over 1876 hectares of land between them. Of that number 23.29% had more than 2 płosy of land, while the remaining 76.71% had 2 płosy or less. We may therefore conclude that the burgher of Koronowo would typically own a 7-8 hectare (2 płosy) farm and that in comparison with other 16th-century towns Koronowo seems to have owned quite a lot of farmland.Two important sources are reproduced in the Appendix. They are the full text of the document of 11 November 1370 (No.l) and the hitherto unpublis­hed Abbot Żaliński’s Charter of 24 February 1597 (Nos. 2 and 2a).

References

  1. Baranowski B., Problemy rolnictwa mieszczańskiego w Polsce XVI-XVI1I w., w: Gospodarcze przesłanki historii społecznej, Poznań 1982. [Google Scholar]
  2. Warschauer A., Die städtischen Archive in der Provinz Posen, Leipzig 1901. [Google Scholar]

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