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Vol. 80 (1993): Our Past

Articles

"Care of poor churches" at the Archconfraternity of the Perpetual Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament in Warsaw

  • Andrzej Majdowski
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52204/np.1993.80.309-344  [Google Scholar]
Published: 1993-12-30

Abstract

Around the mid-19th century, there were two Archconfraternities of Perpetual Adoration in Warsaw, which differed in the secondary goals of their activities. One of them took care of poor churches, in particular by supplying them with vestments and liturgical utensils. This movement, initiated by the Belgian Jesuit Father Boone and spread throughout Europe, reached Poland through Tekla Skarżyńska, who led the charitable activities of the Archconfraternity in the years 1856-60. After her death, the leadership of the campaign was taken over by Countess Aleksandra Potocka, a person of great merit for the Polish Church in the second half of the 19th century. In the years 1856-69, approximately 60,000 rubles in silver were spent on church furnishings. Most of the donated items were made by the Archbrotherhood members themselves. A large collection of patterns with decorations used to decorate liturgical vestments has been preserved. This amateurish collection of quite randomly selected patterns of Christian decorative art from antiquity to the Renaissance includes sketches whose presence in a church embroidery shop is quite surprising, such as decorations on the quiver of a warrior from the Pacific Islands, one arabesque from the Indian Museum in South Kenington, a design in the Egyptian style and a band decoration copied from an illustrated edition of the Koran, two motifs from the ruins of an ancient temple in Metafont and a drawing considered to be an exemplification of the Celtic style. It is difficult to say whether all the collected decorations were embroidered on liturgical vestments. It can be assumed that a characteristic feature of the Archconfraternity was the practice of crafts, which gave it a character of elite traditionalism, corresponding to the intellectual image of Countess Potocka. On its own initiative, the Archconfraternity organized the ordering and sale of works of sacred art (paintings, sculptures). Cooperation with outstanding artists in the years 1870-81 enabled the creation of a professional decorative arts market in Warsaw. After 1888, there is no longer any evidence of help for poor churches; The archbrotherhood continued to exist, but focused on cultic practices.

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